What Does Management Mean? Meaning of Management and Five Deinfintion of Management

Ever think what does Management mean? If no than Don’t worry because today I telling you the meaning of Management and Top five definition of management. So here they are:

What Does Management Mean? Meaning of Management and Five Deinfintion of Management

What does Mangement Mean?

Meaning and Definition of Management:

Managing is the art of getting things done through people in formally organized groups. Management can thus be defined as the art or skill of directing human activities and physical resources in the attainment of predetermined goals.

Men view it as a factor of production. Socialists view it as a class or group of persons. While Management practitioners treat it is a process. The trade unionists consider Management as an exploiting set of people. In simple term, ’Management is what a manager does’.

“Management” is a wide term. It carries different meanings depending on the context in which it is used. It is described as an “activity”, a “process”, and a “group of people” vested with the authority to make decisions.

Five Definition of Management:

There are many definitions of Management according to different-2 authors but we can’t write all definition here so we are writing Top five definition of management which are as follows:

According to Mary Parker Follet, “Management is the art of getting things done through people”.

According to Henry Fayol, “To manageis to forecast and plan, to organize , to command, to coordinate, and to control”.

According to Peter Drucker, “Management is a multipurpose organ that manages a business, manages a manager and manages a worker and work”.

According to James D. Mooney and Allan C. Reiley, “Management is the art of directing and inspiring people”.

According to Koontz and O’Donnel, “Management is the creation and maintenance of an internal environment in an enterprise where individuals, working in groups, can perform efficiently toward the attainment of group goals. It is the art of getting the work through and with people in formally organised groups”.



Management is a set of activities (including planning and decision making, organizing, leading and controlling) directed at an organization’s resources (human, financial, physical and information) with the aim of achieving organizational goals in efficient and effective manner.

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Management Basics

Scope of Consumer Behaviour

The scope of consumer behaviour is the wide variety of activities, consumer engage in as they research, buy, use and dispose-off products. The scope of consumer behaviour is discussed below:

Scope of Consumer Behaviour

1. Consumer Behaviour and Marketing Management:  Effective business managers realize the importance of marketing to the success of their firm. Marketing may be defined as, ”The process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchanges that satisfy individuals and organizational objectives”. A sound understating of consumer behaviour is essential to the long-run success of any marketing program. In fact, it seen as a cornerstone of the marketing concept, an important orientation of philosophy of captured in three interrelated orientations consumer’s needs and wants, company objectives and integrated strategy.

2. Consumer Behaviour and Non-profit and Social Marketing:  Can crime prevention, charitable contributions, or the concept of family planning be sold to people in much the same way that some business firms sell soap? A number of writers have suggested that various social and non-profit organizations can be viewed as having services or idea that they are attempting to market to target group of “consumers” or constituents. Such organizations include governmental agencies, religious orders, universities, and charitable institutions. Often these groups must also appeal to the public for support in addition to attempting to satisfy some want or need in society. Clearly, a sound understanding of consumer decision processes can assist their efforts.

3. Consumer Behaviour and Government Decision-Making: In the recent years the relevance of consumer-behaviour principles to governmental decision-making has become quite evident. Two major areas of activity have been affected:

1. Government Services: It is increasingly evident that government provision of public services can benefit significantly from an understanding of the consumers, or users, of these services. Numerous analysts have noted that frequently failing mass-transportation systems will not be viable alternatives to private automobile travel until government planners fully understand how to appeal to the wants and need of public.
2. Consumer Protection: Many agencies at all levels of government are involved with regulating business practices for the purpose of protecting consumer’s welfare. Some government programs are also designed to influence certain consumer action directly (such as the use of auto seatbelts) and discourage others (speeding, drug abuse, and so on).

4. Consumer Behaviour and Demarketing: It has become increasingly clear that consumers are entering an era of scarcity in terms of some natural gas, and even water. These scarcities have led to promotions stressing conservation to encourage reduction of electrical use serves as one illustration.

In other circumstances, consumers have been encouraged to decrease or stop their use of particular goods to believe to have harmful effects. Programs designed to reduce drugs abuse, gambling and similar types of consumption are examples. These actions have been undertaken by government agencies, nonprofit organisations and other private groups. The term “demarketing” refers to all such efforts to encourage consumers to reduce their consumption of a particular products or service.

5. Consumer Behaviour and Consumer Education: Consumer also stands to benefit directly from orderly investigations of their own behaviour. This can occur on an individual basis or as a part of more formal educational programs. For example, when consumers learn that a large proportion of the billions spent annually on grocery products is used for impulse purchases and not spent according to preplanned shopping lists, consumer may be more willing to plan purchases in an efforts to save money. In general, as marketers discover the variables that can influence consumer purchases, marketers have the opportunity to understand better how they affect their own behaviour.

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Consumer Behaviour

What is Consumer Behaviour? | Characteristics Affecting Consumer Behavior

What is Consumer Behaviour - Meaning, Definition, Features of consumer Behaviour and Characteristics Affecting Consumer Behavior

What is Consumer Behaviour? | Characteristics Affecting Consumer Behavior

What is Consumer behaviour?

The term Consumer behaviour, individual buyer behaviour, end user behaviour and consumer buying behaviour all stands for the same. Consumer behavior is the study of how individuals, groups, and organisations select, buy, use and dispose of goods and services, ideas or experiences to satisfy their needs and wants.


According to Blech and Blech, “Consumer behaviour is the process and activities people engage in when searching for, selecting, purchasing using, evaluating, and disposing of products and services so as satisfy their needs and desires.

Consumer behaviour is a study of:

• What consumers buy.
• Why consumers buy it.
• Where they buy it.
• How they use it.

Consumer behaviour focuses on how individuals make decisions to spend their available resources (time, money, effort) on consumption related items. That includes what they buy, why they buy it, where they buy it, how often they buy it, how often they use it, how they evaluate it after the purchase, the impact of such evaluations on future purchases and how they dispose of it. So in consumer behaviour it is not only learnt, what is the behaviour of the consumer when he buys it but also before the consumption, during the consumption and after the consumption. Consumer behaviour is never simple; yet understanding it is the essential task of marketing management.

Characteristics Affecting Consumer Behavior and Features of Consumer Behaviour

Consumer Behaviour can be characteristics by following points:

1. Systematic Process: One of most important Characteristic of consumer behaviour is that it is a systematic process. Consumer behaviour is a systematic process relating to buying decisions of the customers. The buying process consists of the following steps:

• Need identification to buy the products,
• Information search relating to the products, 
• Listing and evaluating the alternative (cost-benefit analysis),
• Post-purchase evaluation by the marketer,
• Purchase decision.

2. Influenced by Various Factors:  Consumer behaviour is influenced by a number of factors. The factors that influenced consumer includes marketing, personal, psychological, situational, social, culture, etc.

3. Different for Different Customers: All consumers do not behave in the same manner. Different consumers behave differently. The difference in consumer behaviour is due to individual factors such as nature of the consumer’s life style, culture, etc.

4. Different for Different Products: Consumer behaviour is different for different products. There are some consumers who may buy more quantity of certain items and very low/no quantity of some other items.

5. Varies Across Regions: The consumer behaviour very across states, regions and countries. For instance, the behaviour of urban consumers is different from that of rural consumers. Normally, rural consumers are conservative (traditional) in their buying behaviour.

6. Vital for Marketers: Marketers need to have a good knowledge of consumer behaviour. They need to study the various factors that influence consumer behaviour of their target customers. The knowledge of consumer behaviour enables marketers to take appropriate marketing decisions.

7. Reflects Status: Consumers buying behaviour is not only influenced by status of a consumer, but it also reflects it. Those Consumers who own luxury cars, watches and other items are considered by others as persons of higher status.

8. Result in Spread-effect: Consumer behaviour has a spread effect. The buying behaviour of one person may influence the buying behaviour of another person. For instance, a customer may always prefer to buy premium brands of clothing, watches and other items etc. This may influence some of his friends, neighbors, colleagues. This is one of the reasons why marketers use celebrities like Shah Rukh Khan, Sachin to endorse their brands.

9. Improves Standard of Living: Consumer buying behaviour may lead to higher standard of living. The more a person buys the goods and services, the higher is the standard of living.

10. Undergoes a Change: The consumer’s behaviour undergoes a change over a period of time depending upon changes in age, education and income level etc, for example, kids may prefer colourful dresses, but as they grow up as teenagers and young adults, they may prefer trendy clothes.

11. Information Search: The search for information is a common characteristic of consumer behaviour. Consumers cannot purchase goods and services if they are unaware that a good or service exists. When a consumer decides to buy a certain item, his decision must be based on the information he has gathered about what products or services are available to fulfill his needs.

12. Brand Loyalty: Brand loyalty is the tendency of a consumer to buy products or services from a certain company that one likes or equates with having high quality goods and services. For example, if Naina’s first car was a Honda as a teenager and the car lasted 200,000 miles, she might have a tendency to buy Honda in the future due to her previously positive experience. This brand loyalty may be so strong that she forgoes the information search all together when considering her next vehicle.

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Consumer Behaviour